Nausea and vomiting are the most common effects, reported by nearly 70 percent of participants in a global survey (Bouso et al., 2022). In traditional Amazonian contexts, vomiting is understood as part of the medicine’s action, not a side effect to be managed. Less common but documented effects include transient anxiety, headaches, dizziness, and temporary increases in blood pressure and heart rate. In a small percentage of cases, more serious events have been reported, including chest pain, breathing difficulty, and seizures, most of which involved pre-existing conditions, concurrent substance use, or poorly facilitated settings (White et al., 2024).
